Resistance can be calculated by:

Resistance is defined by Ohm's Law, which states that the voltage (V) across a conductor is directly proportional to the current (I) flowing through it, with resistance (R) being the constant of proportionality. When rearranging Ohm's Law, we can express resistance in terms of voltage and current as follows:

R = V / I.

Furthermore, we can express voltage in terms of power (P) and current (I) using the equation P = V * I. By manipulating this equation, we can also find resistance. Specifically, we see that if we divide power by current (P/I), we can derive voltage and then relate it back to resistance.

In the context of the question, the choice that states resistance can be calculated by dividing voltage by current is the direct application of Ohm’s Law, which accurately represents the relationship among resistance, voltage, and current. Understanding this relationship is fundamental to electrical theory, as it lays the groundwork for analyzing and solving various electrical circuits.