What is the difference between grounding and bonding?

Grounding and bonding are essential concepts in electrical systems, each serving distinct functions that contribute to safety and reliability. Grounding refers to the practice of connecting electrical circuits or equipment to the earth. This connection helps to protect individuals and equipment from electrical faults by providing a low-resistance path for fault currents to flow safely into the ground. This minimizes the risk of electrical shock and equipment damage by stabilizing voltage levels during normal operation and in the event of a fault.

Bonding, on the other hand, involves connecting various electrical components together to ensure they have the same electrical potential. This practice is crucial in preventing potential differences between conductive parts, which can lead to dangerous arcing or electrostatic discharge. By bonding components, a safe and reliable connection is maintained, ensuring that in case of a fault, the current will flow along a known path, reducing the risk of shock or fire.

Thus, the correct answer highlights the fundamental distinction between grounding (which connects circuits to the earth) and bonding (which connects components together), outlining their respective roles in electrical safety and effectiveness.